LinuxOnBoard开发笔记

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一、准备环境

系统环境：ubuntu-18.04.4-server-amd64

APT：

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sudo apt-get install -y lib32ncurses5 lib32ncursesw5-dev lib32z1
sudo apt-get install -y make u-boot-tools qemu qemu-user-static tclsh unzip

格式化工具：HPUSBDisk v2.0.6
格式化卷标：boot

拷贝顺序

  • MLO
  • u-boot.img
  • uImage
  • ubi.img

二、准备文件

  • ~/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.7-2013.03-20130313_linux.tar.bz2
  • ~/u-boot-nand-v6-2017-10-11.tar.gz
  • ~/IOT-BOX-V6-kernel-2017-11-01.tar.gz
  • ~/IOT-BOX-V6-rootfs.tar.gz

~/ready/.config

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~/ready/timeconst.pl

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三、配置交叉编译环境

  • 注：普通用户和root用户都要配置
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    sudo tar jxvf gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.7-2013.03-20130313_linux.tar.bz2 -C /opt
    vi ~/.bashrc
    export PATH=/opt/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.7-2013.03-20130313_linux/bin:$PATH
    source ~/.bashrc

四、固件生成

4.1、准备

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mkdir -p ~/output

4.2、Build U-Boot

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tar zxvf u-boot-nand-v6-2017-10-11.tar.gz
cd ./u-boot-2013.01.01-psp06.00.00.00
./build.sh
cp -rf ./am335/MLO ../output/
cp -rf ./am335/u-boot.img ../output/
cd ..
sudo rm -rf ./u-boot-2013.01.01-psp06.00.00.00

4.3、Build Kernel

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tar zxvf IOT-BOX-V6-kernel-2017-11-01.tar.gz
cd ./linux-3.2.0-psp04.06.00.11
cp -rf ../ready/.config ./
cp -rf ../ready/timeconst.pl ./kernel/
./build.sh
cp -rf ./uImage ../output/
cd ..
sudo rm -rf ./linux-3.2.0-psp04.06.00.11

4.4、Build Root File System

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sudo tar zxvf IOT-BOX-V6-rootfs.tar.gz
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static ./rootfs/rootfs/usr/bin/
./ms.sh -m ./rootfs/rootfs/
# 文件系统配置（见下一章节）
./ms.sh -u ./rootfs/rootfs/
cd ./rootfs
sudo ./mkfs.ubifs -F -q -r ./rootfs/ -m 2048 -e 126976 -c 2047 -o ubifs.img
sudo ./ubinize -o ubi.img -m 2048 -p 128KiB ubinize.cfg
cp -rf ./ubi.img ../output/
cd ..
sudo rm -rf ./rootfs

五、文件系统配置

5.1、文本文件

hostapd.conf

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##### hostapd configuration file ##############################################
interface=wlan0
logger_syslog=-1
logger_syslog_level=2
logger_stdout=-1
logger_stdout_level=2
dump_file=/tmp/hostapd.dump
ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd
ctrl_interface_group=0
##### IEEE 802.11 related configuration #######################################
ssid=HT-Link
hw_mode=g
channel=6
beacon_int=100
dtim_period=2
max_num_sta=255
rts_threshold=2347
fragm_threshold=2346
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=3
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wmm_enabled=1
wmm_ac_bk_cwmin=4
wmm_ac_bk_cwmax=10
wmm_ac_bk_aifs=7
wmm_ac_bk_txop_limit=0
wmm_ac_bk_acm=0
wmm_ac_be_aifs=3
wmm_ac_be_cwmin=4
wmm_ac_be_cwmax=10
wmm_ac_be_txop_limit=0
wmm_ac_be_acm=0
wmm_ac_vi_aifs=2
wmm_ac_vi_cwmin=3
wmm_ac_vi_cwmax=4
wmm_ac_vi_txop_limit=94
wmm_ac_vi_acm=0
wmm_ac_vo_aifs=2
wmm_ac_vo_cwmin=2
wmm_ac_vo_cwmax=3
wmm_ac_vo_txop_limit=47
wmm_ac_vo_acm=0
##### IEEE 802.11n related configuration ######################################
ht_capab=[SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][HT40]
##### IEEE 802.1X-2004 related configuration ##################################
eapol_key_index_workaround=0
##### Integrated EAP server ###################################################
eap_server=0
##### RADIUS client configuration #############################################
own_ip_addr=127.0.0.1
##### WPA/IEEE 802.11i configuration ##########################################
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=12345678
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=CCMP

udhcpd_wlan0.conf

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interface wlan0
option subnet 255.255.255.0
opt router 192.168.5.1
opt dns 114.114.114.114 114.114.115.115
start 192.168.5.100
end 192.168.5.199
max_leases 100

check_update.sh

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# shellcheck shell=sh
UpdateNum=`ls /media/card | grep "htbox_update.tar.gz" | wc -l`

if [ $UpdateNum -eq 1 ];
then
  rm -rf /home/WebOnBoard
  mv /media/card/htbox_update.tar.gz /home/
  dd if=htbox_update.tar.gz |openssl des3 -d -k [email protected] | tar zxf -
fi


AutoRunNum=`ls /home/WebOnBoard | grep "antorun.sh" | wc -l`

if [ $AutoRunNum -eq 1 ];
then
  /home/WebOnBoard/autorun.sh
  rm /home/WebOnBoard/autorun.sh
fi

sleep 5

if [ $UpdateNum -eq 1 ];
then
  reboot
  exit 0
fi


if [ $AutoRunNum -eq 1 ];
then
  reboot
  exit 0
fi

sztenv

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#!/bin/sh

cd /home/WebOnBoard
./auto_start.sh &

#ntpdate 0.pool.ntp.org
#if [ "$?" == 0 ]
#then
#    hwclock -w
#else
#    reboot
#fi

interfaces

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# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)

# The loopback interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet dhcp

iface eth1 inet static
	address 192.168.3.1
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.3.1

iface wlan0 inet static
	address 192.168.5.1
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.5.1

iface br-vpn inet static
	address 192.168.3.1
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.3.1

inittab

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# /etc/inittab: init(8) configuration.
# $Id: inittab,v 1.91 2002/01/25 13:35:21 miquels Exp $

# The default runlevel.
id:5:initdefault:

# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.
# This is run first except when booting in emergency (-b) mode.
si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS

# What to do in single-user mode.
~~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin

# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change
# of runlevel.
#
# Runlevel 0 is halt.
# Runlevel 1 is single-user.
# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.
# Runlevel 6 is reboot.

l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0
l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6
# Normally not reached, but fallthrough in case of emergency.
z6:6:respawn:/sbin/sulogin
#S:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty -I root 115200 ttyO0
usr:2345:respawn:/bin/login
# /sbin/getty invocations for the runlevels.
#
# The "id" field MUST be the same as the last
# characters of the device (after "tty").
#
# Format:
#  <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process>
#

#1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1

5.2、删除不必要的内容

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# 删除网页服务
rm -rf /etc/rc5.d/S20boa
# 删除默认4G程序
rm -rf /etc/quectel-CM
rm -rf /etc/yiyuan_4g

5.3、恢复4G程序

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cp quectel-CM /etc/
cp yiyuan_4g /usr/bin/

5.4、新增GPIO程序 - 使能Wi-Fi模块用

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cp gpio_test /usr/bin/
cp gpio_test_new /usr/bin/

5.5、加载Wi-Fi模块、程序、配置文件

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cp 8188eu.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0/
cp hostapd /usr/bin/
cp hostapd.conf /etc/
cp udhcpd*.conf /etc/
touch /var/lib/misc/udhcpd.leases

5.6、创建net转发

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echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=0" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

5.7、SD卡插入相关

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cp check_update.sh /etc/init.d/

mkdir -p /media/card
echo "SUBSYSTEM==\"block\", ACTION==\"add\"    RUN+=\"/etc/udev/scripts/mount.sh\""    >> /etc/udev/rules.d/automount.rules
echo "SUBSYSTEM==\"block\", ACTION==\"remove\" RUN+=\"/etc/udev/scripts/mount.sh\""    >> /etc/udev/rules.d/automount.rules
echo "SUBSYSTEM==\"block\", ACTION==\"add\"    RUN+=\"/etc/init.d/check_update.sh\""   >> /etc/udev/rules.d/automount.rules
echo "/dev/mmcblk0p1       /media/card          auto       defaults,sync         0  0" >> /etc/fstab

5.8、系统相关

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# 自启动文件
cp sztenv /etc/init.d/
# 网络相关
cp interfaces /etc/network/
# 用户相关
cp inittab /etc/

# 记得修改root密码
passwd root

5.9、库配置

sshd.sh

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#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in
	start)
		echo -n "Starting SSHD"
		/usr/local/sbin/sshd
		echo .
		;;
	*)
		echo "Uasges: ./sshd.sh {star}t"
		exit 1
esac

5.9.1、删除残余库

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# rm openssl
rm -rf /usr/lib/libssl* /lib/libcrypto*
# rm zlib
rm -rf /usr/lib/libz*
# rm curl
rm -rf /usr/bin/curl /usr/lib/libcurl*
# rm sqlite3
rm -rf /usr/sbin/sqlite* /usr/lib/libsqlite*

5.9.2、导入openssl库

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cp openssl /usr/bin/

cp libssl.so.1.0.0 /usr/lib/
cd /usr/lib/
ln -s libssl.so.1.0.0 libssl.so

cp libcrypto.so.1.0.0 /lib/
cd /lib/
ln -s libcrypto.so.1.0.0 libcrypto.so

5.9.3、导入系统自带其他库

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tar zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf curl-7.65.1.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf sqlite-3.28.tar.gz -C /usr/

5.9.4、导入openssh

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mkdir -p /usr/local
tar zxvf openssh-8.0p1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
mkdir -p /var/run/ 
mkdir -p /var/empty/
echo "sshd:*:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin" >> /etc/passwd
echo "sshd:*:74:" >> /etc/group
cp sshd.sh /etc/init.d/
cd /etc/rc5.d/
ln -s ../init.d/sshd.sh S99sshd.sh

5.9.5、导入其他库

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tar zxvf openvpn-2.3.18.tar.gz -C /usr/

tar zxvf jq-1.5.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf bridge-utils-1.5.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf ntp-4.2.8p13.tar.gz -C /usr/

tar zxvf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf gdbm-1.18.1.tar.gz -C /usr/
tar zxvf readline-8.0.tar.gz -C /usr/

5.9.6、导入采集用库

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tar zxvf paho.mqtt.c-1.3.1.tar.gz -C /usr/
cp libcjson.so.1.7.12 /usr/lib/
cp libcjson_utils.so.1.7.12 /usr/lib/
cp libmodbus.so.5.1.0 /usr/lib/
cp libsnap7.so /usr/lib/
cp libstdc++.so.6.0.17 /usr/lib/

cd /usr/lib/
ln -s libcjson.so.1.7.12 libcjson.so.1
ln -s libcjson.so.1 libcjson.so
ln -s libcjson_utils.so.1.7.12 libcjson_utils.so.1
ln -s libcjson_utils.so.1 libcjson_utils.so
ln -s libmodbus.so.5.1.0 libmodbus.so.5
ln -s libmodbus.so.5 libmodbus.so
ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.17 libstdc++.so.6

5.9.7、导入python

/root/.pip/pip.conf

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[global]
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
[install]
trusted-host=pypi.douban.com
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tar zxvf python-2.7.16.tar.gz -C /usr/
mkdir -p /root/.cache
mkdir -p /root/.pip
vi /root/.pip/pip.conf
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
pip install flask-appconfig flask-bootstrap flask-debug flask-nav flask-wtf flask-sqlalchemy gunicorn pyserial python-can
pip install six wsgiref python-dateutil pytz enum34 trollius futures pycparser ipaddress ipython
rm -rf /root/.cache/pip
rm -rf /home/cooky